Multicast Packet Forwarding Mechanism; Multicast Support For Vpns; Introduction To Vpn Instances - HP MSR1002-4 Configuration Manual
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MBGP is an extension of the MP-BGP for exchanging multicast routing information among
different ASs.
For the SSM model, multicast routes are not divided into intra-domain routes and inter-domain
routes. Because receivers know the positions of the multicast sources, channels established
through PIM-SM are sufficient for the transport of multicast information.
Layer 2 multicast protocols
Layer 2 multicast protocols include IGMP snooping and MLD snooping.
IGMP snooping and MLD snooping are multicast constraining mechanisms that run on Layer 2
devices. They manage and control multicast groups by monitoring and analyzing IGMP or MLD
messages exchanged between the hosts and Layer 3 multicast devices. This effectively controls the
flooding of multicast data in Layer 2 networks.
Multicast packet forwarding mechanism
In a multicast model, receiver hosts of a multicast group are usually located at different areas on the
network. They are identified by the same multicast group address. To deliver multicast packets to
these receivers, a multicast source encapsulates the multicast data in an IP packet with the multicast
group address as the destination address. Multicast routers on the forwarding paths forward
multicast packets that an incoming interface receives through multiple outgoing interfaces.
Compared to a unicast model, a multicast model is more complex in the following aspects:
•
To ensure multicast packet transmission on the network, different routing tables are used to
guide multicast forwarding. These routing tables include unicast routing tables, routing tables
for multicast (for example, the MBGP routing table), and static multicast routing tables.
•
To process the same multicast information from different peers received on different interfaces,
the multicast device performs an RPF check on each multicast packet. The RPF check result
determines whether the packet will be forwarded or discarded. The RPF check mechanism is
the basis for most multicast routing protocols to implement multicast forwarding.
For more information about the RPF mechanism, see "Configuring multicast routing and
forwarding" and "Configuring IPv6 multicast routing and forwarding."
Multicast support for VPNs
Multicast support for VPNs refers to multicast applied in VPNs.
Introduction to VPN instances
VPNs are isolated from one another and from the public network. As shown in
VPN B separately access the public network through PE devices.
10
Figure
9, VPN A and
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